Category archives for Английски език

LA RENEGOCIATION DE L’APPARTENANCE DU ROYAUME-UNI A L’UNION EUROPEENNE – VERS UNE NOUVELLE BALANCE DE LA REPARTITION DES COMPETENCES ENTRE L’UNION ET LES ETATS MEMBRES?

  Prof. Dr. Jasmine Popova          La renégociation, demandée par le Royaume–Uni, d’un nouvel arrangement des conditions  de son appartenance à l’UE, pour répondre aux préoccupations soulevées par le Premier Ministre David Cameron, dont le mot clé est «plus de flexibilité», ne fait, en réalité, que remettre à l’ordre du jour une des questions...

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QUANTITY OR QUALITY? RE-ASSESSING THE ROLE OF SUPREME JURISDICTIONS IN CENTRAL EUROPE

Michal Bobek , Advocate General at the Court of Justice of the EU   Abstract Over the last decades, the ever growing caseload in supreme and constitutional jurisdictions all around Europe has forced some of them to reassess the role and functions they should be fulfilling. This article offers, on the example of the Czech...

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THE CHALLENGES OF APPLYING EUROPEAN UNION LAW IN THE CASE LAW OF THE BULGARIAN SUPREME ADMINISTRATIVE COURT

The Editorial Board The article provides an overview of the recent case-law of the Bulgarian Supreme Administrative Cоurt (SAC) in relation to the application and interpretation of EU law. The analysis has shown a number of problem areas and tendencies, which can be summarized as follows: The number of preliminary references made by the Bulgarian...

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WHICH COURT HAS JURISDICTION TO HEAR CLAIMS FOR DAMAGES CAUSED BY A CARTEL?

(Judgment of the Court of Justice of the EU in case C-352/13, CDC HydrogenPeroxide) Oleg Temnikov[1] This article provides an overview of the conclusions regarding the rules of jurisdiction, applicable in the case of private damages claims, which could be brought from the Opinion of the Advocate General and the Judgment of the Court of...

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THE CONCEPT OF DOMINANCE IN THE LIGHT OF EU COMPETITION LAW

Emilia Dimitrova   One of the aims of competition law is to set out rules for ensuring that the undertakings holding a dominant position on the market would not take adverse advantage of such a position to the detriment of customers, suppliers or competitors. Therefore, the concept of dominance appears as one of the central...

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STATE AID IN THE BULGARIAN ENERGY SECTOR: NEW OPPORTUNITIES, OLD CHALLENGES

Alexander Galendinov[1]   The application of EU State aid rules in the Bulgarian energy sector continues to attract attention. In particular, in June 2015, following the adoption of the European Commission’s Guidelines on State aid for Environmental protection and Energy (2014 Guidelines), the Bulgarian authorities issued a draft-ordinance concerning aid in the form of reduction...

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WHAT DO WE HAVE THE RIGHT TO KNOW? THE CASE LAW OF THE EU COURT ON FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS IN THE AGE OF THE INTERNET

Dr. Niilo Jääskinen, Advocate General, Court of Justice of the European Union 1.      Introduction In 1860 Frederick Douglass, an American abolitionist and a former slave, said that “[t]o suppress free speech is a double wrong. It violates the rights of the hearer as well as those of the speaker.”[1] Even though it is often overlooked,...

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ANTI-SUITINJUNCTION SAND EU LAW AFTER GAZPROM : THE DEBATE GOES ON

(Judgment of the Court of Justice of the EU in case C-536/13, Gazprom) Eleonora Mateina This article attempts to provide an overview of anti-suit injunctions and their functioning in the context of European law. First, it presents a brief overview of anti-suit injunctions in their country of origin – England. Second, the article provide a...

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RULES ON JURISDICTION IN ACTIONS FOR DAMAGES CAUSED BY TRANSNATIONAL ANTICOMPETITVE PRACTICES

Case C-352/13, CDC Hydrogen Peroxide Gabriela Edreva [1] CDC Hydrogen Peroxide is the first case in which the Court has adjudicated directly on the interaction between the provisions of EU primary law on freedom of competition and the provisions of EU private international law on jurisdiction in civil and commercial matters (Regulation No 44/2001/EC). The case...

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SCOPE OF APPLICATION OF THE CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

(Order of the Court of 5 February 2015 in Case C-451/14, Petrus) Maria Georgieva   In order to ensure the implementation of fundamental rights and freedoms defined in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, the European Commission has been publishing, since 2010, an annual report on the application of the Charter. The...

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FROM “ASYLUM SEEKERS” TO “HUMAN BEINGS”: THE LEGAL STATUS OF FOREIGNERS WHO CANNOT BE RETURNED ON HUMANITARIAN GROUNDS

(Judgments in cases С-542/13, M’Bodj и C-562/13, Abdida) Dr. Valeria Ilareva   In cases M’Bodj and Abdida, the judgments in which were delivered on the 18th December 2014, the Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the Advocate General Yves Bot considered and proposed solutions to important practical matters in...

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PROFESSIONAL ART TRADERS CAN CONTRACTUALLY ALLOCATE THE BURDEN OF PAYMENT OF THE RESALE ROYALTY DUE TO THE AUTHOR

(Judgment of the CJEU in Case C-41/14, Christie’s France) Rashko Stoyanov*   The contemporary art market has turned into an international market where transactions involving art pieces are being carried out in a number of different states, each one of them having a regulatory framework of their own, as regards the rights related to art...

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ABOUT THE EXCLUSIVE COMPETENCE OF THE UNION TO CONCLUDE CERTAIN INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS

Opinion of the Court of Justice (Grand Chamber) in case 1/13 Nikolay Bandakov   This article aims to present and analyse Opinion 1/13 of the Court of Justice of the EU according to which the European Union has exclusive competence to approve the accession of third countries to the Convention on the civil aspects of...

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ЕДИНСТВО В МНОГООБРАЗИЕТО’: BALANCING UNITY AND DIVERSITY IN EU COMPETENCES THROUGH SUBSIDIARITY, PROPORTIONALITY AND FLEXIBILITY

Geert De Baere *   Contents Introduction Subsidiarity and proportionality 2.1 Interpretation 2.2 Application 2.3 Judicial review 2.4 Subsidiarity and proportionality as two sides of the same coin 2.5 Future options and challenges The flexibility clause 3.1 Interpretation, application, and judicial review 3.2 Future options and challenges Conclusion 1.     Introduction The preamble to the Treaty on...

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ONCE AGAIN ON THE TERMS “CIVIL AND COMMERCIAL MATTERS’ AND ‘PUBLIC POLICY’ UNDER REGULATION №44/2001

 (Judgment of the Court of Justice of the EU in case C-302/13, flyLAL) Boriana Musseva   ABSTRACT In Case C-302/13 the Court of Justice clarified once again the terms “civil and commercial matters” and “public order”, contained in Regulation (EC) №44 / 2001 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and...

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THE CODIFICATION OF IN-HOUSE PROCUREMENT IN DIRECTIVE 2014/24/EU IN THE LIGHT OF THE CASE LAW OF THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EU

(Overview of the Relevant Case law) Ivaylo Dimitrov[1]   Abstract The in-house exception has been unexplored in Bulgarian literature which may be explained by the lack of legislative rules on the matter, at least before the latest amendment of the Public Procurement Act in force since July and October 2014. The fact that in-house rules...

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TAXATION, WHICH DISADVANTAGES UNDERTAKINGS LINKED, WITHIN A GROUP, TO COMPANIES ESTABLISHED IN ANOTHER MEMBER STATE, CONSTITUTES INDIRECT DISCRIMINATION AND IS CONTRARY TO THE FREEDOM OF ESTABLISHMENT

(Judgment of the Court of Justice of the EU in Case C‑385/12, Hervis Sport- és Divatkereskedelmi) Viktoriya Petrikova [1]   The article examines the approach of the CJEU to de facto discrimination in the context of a request for a preliminary ruling concerning the interpretation of Articles 49 and 54 TFEU by a Hungarian court....

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DETENTION OF A THIRD-COUNTRY NATIONAL – POWERS OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITIES AND THE COURT

Illegally staying third-country nationals – conditions for detention, form of the administrative measures, and scope of the judicial review.   (Judgment of the Court of Justice of the EU in Case C 146/14 PPU, Mahdi) Plamena Slavova[1]   The Judgment has been issued by the Court of Justice of the European Union (the CEU) on...

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PRACTISING AS A LAWYER ON A PERMANENT BASIS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION UNDER THE HOME-COUNTRY PROFESSIONAL TITLE

Judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union in cases C-58/13 and C-59/13, Torresi Veneta Gaydardzhieva   The present analysis discusses the application of Directive 98/5/EC to facilitate practice of the profession of lawyer on a permanent basis in a Member State other than that in which the qualification was obtained (Directive) regarding...

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ON THE COURT’S CASE LAW REGARDING THE NEW STANDING CONDITIONS FOR PRIVATE APPLICANTS IN DIRECT ACTIONS FOR ANNULMENT OF EU ACTS

Case C- 274/12 P, Telefónica SA/Commission Gabriela Edreva[1]   Ever since the Plaumann case[2], the CJEU’s strict understanding of the standing of natural and legal persons to challenge EU acts, has been subject to strong criticism. One of the most eagerly awaited changes brought about by the Treaty of Lisbon was the introduction in a...

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THE SCOPE OF THE POWER OF REVIEW EXERCISED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION OVER NATIONAL LISTS OF EVENTS OF MAJOR IMPORTANCE

 (Decision of the Court of the EU in cases C-201/11 P, C-204/11 P and C-205/11 P, UEFA and FIFA/ EU Commission)   Hristo Kirilov [1]   The article examines the scope of the control effectuated by the European Commission under the Audiovisual Directive [2] over the national lists of events of major importance for the...

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MESURES RESTRICTIVES DE GEL DES AVOIRS ET DROITS FONDAMENTAUX – RETOUR VERS LE FUTUR?

Arrêt de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne (cinquième chambre) du 28 novembre 2013 dans l’affaire Conseil de l’Union européenne contre Manufacturing Support & Procurement Kala Naft Co., Tehran   (C-348/12 P)   Jénya Grigorova [1]   L’arrêt dans l’affaire Kadi I[2], loué par certains, critiqué par d’autres, a indiscutablement ouvert la porte pour toute une...

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INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN STANDARDS ON FREEZING AND FORFEITURE OF ILLEGALLY ACQUIRED ASSETS FROM THIRD PARTIES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN BULGARIA

Todor Kolarov and Yulian Razpopov   The legal instruments for freezing and forfeiture of illegally acquired assets from third parties are of prime importance for the success of asset recovery. It is established that criminals tend to transfer illegally gained wealth to third parties – legal entities and individuals – to put it off the...

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HAS EU CITIZENSHIP REACHED BULGARIA? A CRITICAL OVERVIEW OF NATIONAL LEGISLATION AND CASE LAW

Part II Dr Alexander Kornezov[1]   Introduction Part I of this Article examined the compatibility with EU law of relevant Bulgarian legislative acts transposing Directive 2004/38/EC,[2] Directive 93/109/EC[3] and Directive 94/80/EC[4] into national law.[5] Part II focuses on the case law of Bulgarian courts on Union citizenship matters. It will first delve into the application,...

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COMMON EUROPEAN ASYLUM SYSTEM: CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES

Cecilia Malmström   EU Commissioner for Home Affairs [1]   A Common European Asylum System I will focus on a fundamental right that is very close to my heart, one that is easy to proclaim in theory, but more complicated to defend in practice: the right to asylum. I have dedicated a large part of my...

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